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Alfred Schütz

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Alfred Schütz
sociologue
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Schutz.jpg
Tendance école autrichienne
Nationalité Autriche Autriche
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Alfred Schutz est un philosophe en sciences sociales d'origine autrichienne.

Biographie

Alfred Schutz est né à Vienne le 13 avril 1899 et mort le 20 mai 1959 à New York.

Après des études en droit, en économie et en sociologie à l’Université de Vienne, il obtient un doctorat en philosophie du droit sous la direction de Hans Kelsen en 1921. Il travaille d'abord comme avocat d’affaires.

Il a participé aux séminaires organisé par Ludwig von Mises à Vienne. Là, il se lie d'amitiés avec Felix Kaufmann, Fritz Machlup et Erich Voegelin. Fuyant Hitler en 1938, il retrouve un poste dans la même société à la Reitler and Company de Paris. À la fin du mois d'août 1938, en compagnie d'économistes et d'intellectuels libéraux, il prend part au colloque Walter Lippmann qui a lieu à Paris.

En 1939, au déclenchement de la guerre, il fuit à New YorK. Il a influencé la nouvelle génération d'économistes de l'école autrichienne (Don Lavoie, Peter Boettke, Richard Ebeling) sur le rapprochement de l'herméneutique et de l'économie. Il a permis également de faire comprendre le concept d'intersubjectivité.

Alfred Schutz a commencé à synthétiser la phéménologie d'Edmund Husserl, la construction méthodologique de "l'idéal type" de Max Weber, le «vitalisme» d'Henri Bergson avec le subjectivisme de l'école autrichienne d'économie.


Bibliographie

  • 1930, Verstehen und Handeln, Notes pour une conférence, Miseskreis 27 June 1930, traduit par “Understanding and Acting in Political Economy and Other Social Sciences
    • Repris en 1996, Helmut Wagner, George Psathas et Fred Kersten, Dir., Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, Pp84—87
  • 1932, Der Sinnhafte Aufbau der Sozialen Welt. Vienna: Julius Springer
    • Traduction anglaise en 1967, The Phenomenology of the Social World, Evanston: Northwestern University Press
  • 1934, Collected Papers IV
    • Nouvelle édition en 1996, Helmut Wagner, George Psathas et Fred Kersten, Dir., Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers
  • 1934, “Staat-Gesellschaft-Recht-Wirtschaft.” Commentaire du livre de Ludwig von Mises, Grundprobleme der Nationalökonomie. Deutsche Literaturzeitung 1 (janvier): 36–42. Traduit par : “Basic Problems of Political Economy”
    • Repris en 1996, Helmut Wagner, George Psathas et Fred Kersten, Dir., Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, Pp. 88–92
  • 1943, “The Problem of Rationality in the Social World.” Economica 10:130–49
    • Repris en 1964, In: Collected Papers II: Studies in Social Theory. Arvin Brodersen, ed. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. Pp. 64–88
  • 1951, Choosing among Projects of Action, Philosophy and Phenomenological, Research 12: 161–84
    • Repris en 1962, Collected Papers I: The Problem of Social Reality. Maurice Natanson, ed. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. Pp. 67–96
  • 1953, “Common-Sense and Scientific Interpretation of Human Action”, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 14: 1–37
    • Repris en 1966, Collected Papers III: Studies in Phenomenological Philosophy, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. Pp. 3–47
  • 1962, The Problem of Social Reality, In: Collected Papers, vol. I, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, pp3-96
  • 1970, On Phenomenology and Social Relations, publié avec une introduction de Helmut R. Wagner. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press
  • 1973, avec Thomas Luckmann, The Structures of the Life-World, Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press
- Nouvelle édition en 1983
- Nouvelle édition en 1989

Littérature secondaire

  • 1975,
    • Robert A Gorman, “Alfred Schutz – An Exposition and Critique, ” The British Journal of Sociology 26 (1)
    • Patrick N. Peritore, Some Problems in Alfred Schutz’s Phenomenological Methodology, The American Political Science Review 69 (1)
    • Andrew J. Weigert, Alfred Schutz on a Theory of Motivation, The Pacific Sociological Review 18 (1)
  • 1977, Robert A Gorman, The Dual Vision: Alfred Schutz and the myth of phenomenological social science. Boston, MA: Routledge and Kegan Paul
  • 1978, Richard Grathoff, “Alfred Schutz” In Klassiker des Soziologisches Denkens: Band II. Dirk Käsler, ed. Munich: Verlag C.H. Beck, pp388–416
  • 1979, Anthony Giddens, Schütz and Parsons: Problems of Meaning and Subjectivity, Contemporary Sociology, 8(5), pp682-685
  • 1980, David Zaret, From Weber to Parsons and Schutz: the Eclipse of History in Modern Social Theory, American Journal of Sociology; 80:5, pp1180-1201
  • 1983, Helmut Wagner, Alfred Schutz An Intellectual Biography, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp11-13
  • 1984,
    • Ingeborg K. Helling, “Alfed Schutz and Felix Kaufmann: Sociology Between Science and Interpretation, Human Studies 7 (2): 141–61
    • Helmut R. Wagner, Schutz’s Life Story and the Understanding of His Work, Human Studies 7 (2): 107–16
  • 1985,
    • K. R. Baugh Jr et R. P. Mohan, Husserl, Sch¨utz, and Garfinkel: Some Continuities and Contrasts, Quarterly Journal of Ideology, 9(1): 2–12
    • Christopher Prendergast, Commentaire du livre de Helmut R. Wagner. Alfred Schutz: An Intellectual Biography, Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, Vol 21, Issue 3, pp253 - 255
  • 1986,
    • L. Langsdorf, Making Sense of Reification: Alfred Schütz and the Constructionist Theory, Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 16(2), pp262–264
    • Maurice Natanson, Anonymity. A Study in the Philosophy of Alfred Schutz, Indiana University Press, Bloomington
    • Christopher Prendergast, Alfred Schutz and the Austrian School of Economics, The American Journal of Sociology 92 (1): 1–26
  • 1987, M. C. Di Gregori, Les critiques de Schutz à l'analyse husserlienne de l'intersubjectivité, Revista latinoamericana de filosofía, vol 13, n°2, pp221-230
  • 1988,
    • Thomas S. Eberle, “Die deskriptive Analyse der Oekonomie durch Alfred Schutz”, In Alfred Schutz: Neue Beiträge zur Rezeption seines Werkes. Elisabeth List and Ilja Srubar, eds. Amsterdam: Rodopi. pp69–120
    • Ingeborg K. Helling, “Alfred Schutz, Felix Kaufmann, and the Economists of the Mises Circle: Personal and Methodological Continuities, In: Alfred Schutz: Neue Beiträge zur Rezeption seines Werkes. Elisabeth List and Ilja Srubar, eds. Amsterdam: Rodopi, pp43–68
  • 1990,
    • Richard Grathoff, "Finiten" in den "Finite Provinces of Meaning" von Alfred Schütz (About the Concept of the "Finite" in Alfred Schutz' "Finite Provinces of Meaning"), Critique and Humanism Journal, n°1, pp25-37
    • Kolyo Koev, Alfred Schutz and the Problem of Every Day Life Average Structures, Critique and Humanism Journal, n°1, pp54-64
    • Ilja Srubar, Wertbeziehung und Relevanz. Zu Schütz' Weber-Rezeption (Value-Reference and Relevance. On the Reception of Max Weber by Alfred Schutz), Critique and Humanism Journal, n°1, pp38-53
  • 1992,
    • J. J. Chriss, How Is Society Possible? Intersubjectivity and the Fiduciary Attitude as Problems of the Social Group in Mead, Gurwitsch, and Schütz, Contemporary Sociology—A Journal of Reviews, 21(2): 283–284
    • K. Nishihara, "Schutz in Japan: A Brief History," Human Studies, 15, 1 pp17-34
  • 1993,
    • Hartmut Esser, The Rationality of Everyday Behavior: A Rational Choice Reconstruction of the Theory of Action by Alfred Schutz, Rationality and Society 5 (1):7–31
    • Hartmut Esser, “How ‘Rational’ Is the Choice of ‘Rational Choice’? A Response to Randall Collins, Christopher Prendergast, and Ilja Srubar.” Rationality and Society 5 (3):408–14
    • M. Gabriel, "Alfred Schütz und die Theorie des Handelns als rationale Wahl," Österreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie, 18, 1, pp70-79
    • Christopher Prendergast, Rationality, Optimality, and Choice: Esser’s Reconstruction of Alfred Schutz’s Theory of Action, Rationality and Society 5 (1): 47–57
    • Jeremy Shearmur, Schütz, Machlup and Rational Economic Man: Some Problems for Economic Imperialism?”, Review of Political Economy, 5(4): 491–507
  • 1994, Roger Koppl, Lachmann on Schütz and Shackle, Advances in Austrian Economics, 1, pp289–302
  • 1996,
    • Nicolai J. Foss, Spontaneous Social Order: Economics and Schützian Sociology, American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 55, pp73–86
    • B. Pietrykowski, Alfred Schütz and the Economists, History of Political Economy 28, pp219–244
  • 2004,
    • Michael D. Barber, The Participating Citizen: A Biography of Alfred Schutz, New York, NY: State University of New York Press
    • Michael D. Barber, "A Moment of Unconditional Validity? Schutz and the Habermas/Rorty Debate." Human Studies 27, 1, pp51-67
    • Marek Chojnacki, "Herbert Spiegelberg and Alfred Schutz: Some Affinities." Human Studies 27, 2, pp. 169-185
    • Lester Embree, "A Problem in Schutz's Theory of the Historical Sciences with an Illustration from the Women's Liberation Movement, Human Studies 27, 3, pp281-306
    • Patrick J. Gunning, 2004, The Principles of Subjectivism
    • Hideo Hama, "Kiki toshiteno Seikatusekai――Schutz no “discrepancy”gainen" [Life-World as a Crisis], Syakaigaku Kisoron Kenkyuu [The Annual Review of sociology and social theory], 3, pp46-62
    • Hironao Harie, "Schutz kagakuron no Nijyuusei e――Kagakutekikatudouron toshiteno “Kenshikiaru Shimin”" [Toward the Duality of Alfred Schutz's Theory of Science――Theory of Scientific Activity in “Well-informed Citizen”], Syakaigaku Kisoron Kenkyuu [The Annual Review of sociology and social theory], 3, pp148-165
    • Ken'ichi Kawano, "A.Schutz　no Syakaigakuhouhouron no Kousou." [A. Schutz's Conception of Methodology of the Social Sciences], Wasedadaigaku Daigakuin Bungaku Kenkyuuka Kiyou [Bulletin of the Graduate Division of Literature of Waseda University], 49, pp125-137
    • Masato Kimura, "Ruikeika to Tankyu――Schutz niyoru Dewey Tankyuugainen no Hihantekijyuyou." [Typification and Inquiry: Schutz's critical Acceptance of Dewey's Concept of Inquiry], Shakaigaku Nenshi [The Annuals of Sociology], 45, pp99-115
    • Masato Kimura, "Seikatusekai to Jinkaku――Schutz　niokeru Riron to Jitusen." [Lebenswelt und Persoenalichkeit: Schuetz's “Theorie und Praxis”], Soshiolojikal Peepaazu [Sociological Papers], 13, pp15-28
    • Christian Knudsen, "Alfred Schutz, Austrian Economists and the Knowledge Problem." Rationality and Society 16(1), pp45-89
    • Christopher Prendergast, Schutz’s Reflections on the Social Relationship between the Author and Beholder of Literary Works, Human Studies 27, 4, pp455-461
    • George Psathas, Alfred Schutz's Influence on American Sociologists and Sociology, Human Studies 27, 1, pp1-35
    • Shuichi Tamura, "Parsons ni okeru Kant syugi."[Parsons as Kanian: Focusing on the Correspondence of Alferd Schutz and Talcott Parsons], Shakaigaku Zasshi [Sociological Review of Kobe University], 21, pp140-55
  • 2005,
    • Michael D. Barber, "If Only To Be Heard: Value-Freedom and Ethics in Alfred Schutz's Economic and Political Writings, In: Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz, ENDRESS, Martin., PSATHAS, George., NASU, Hisashi., (eds). Springer, pp173-202
    • Martin Endress, Introduction: Alfred Schutz and Contemporary Social Theory and Social Research, In: Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz, Martin Endress, George PSATHAS, Hisashi NASU, dir., Springer, Book Series Contributions to Phenomenology, Vol 53, pp1-15
    • Lester Embree, "The Appeal of Alfred Schutz in Disciplines beyond Philosophy, e.g. Jurisprudence." in Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz, ENDRESS, Martin., PSATHAS, George., NASU, Hisashi., dir., Springer, pp77-96
    • Hongwoo Kim, In Search of a Political Sphere in Alfred Schutz, In: Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz, ENDRESS, Martin., PSATHAS, George., NASU, Hisashi., (eds). Springer, pp203-234
    • Masato KIMURA, "Schutz ha Dewey “Ronrigaku”wo dou yondaka." [How did Schutz read Dewey's “Logic”?], Wasedadaigaku Daigakuin Bungaku Kenkyuuka Kiyou [Bulletin of the Graduate Division of Literature of Waseda University], 50-1, pp91-100
    • George Psathas, The Ideal Type in Weber and Schutz, In: Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz, ENDRESS, Martin., PSATHAS, George., NASU, Hisashi., (eds). Springer, pp143-172
    • Yoshikazu Sato, Phenomenological Sociology in Japan: with special reference to Alfred Schutz, In: Development of Sociology in Japan, SRUBAR, lja., SHIMADA, Shingo., (eds.), Jahrbuch fur Soziologiegeschichte, VS Verlag fur Sozialwissenschaften, pp.143-163
    • Steven Vaitkus, The “Naturality” of Alfred Schutz's Natural Attitude of the Life-World, In: Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz, ENDRESS, Martin., PSATHAS, George., NASU, Hisashi., (eds). Springer, pp97-122
    • Thomas P. Wilson, The Problem of Subjectivity in Schutz and Parsons, In: Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz, ENDRESS, Martin., PSATHAS, George., NASU, Hisashi., (eds). Springer, pp19-50
    • Keisuke Yatabe, "Shinmitusei to Tokumeisei: Schutz no Keisiki-teki-Gainen ga Sisasurukoto." [Intimacy and Thou-orientation: A few Implications of Schutz's “Formal Concept”], Soshiorojisuto [Journal of Musashi Sociological Society], 7, pp153-189
    • Chung-Chi Yu, Schutz on Transcendence and the Variety of Life-World Experience, In: Explorations of the Life-World: Continuing Dialogues with Alfred Schutz, ENDRESS, Martin., PSATHAS, George., NASU, Hisashi., (eds). Springer, pp267-280
  • 2008,
    • Daniela Griselda López, Alfred Schutz y la escuela austriaca de economía. Aportes al problema del orden social, Intersticios: Revista sociológica de pensamiento crítico, Vol 2, n°1, pp73-80
    • Daniela Griselda López, Conocimiento de sentido común y procesos de interpretación: Una mirada a partir de las reflexiones de Alfred Schutz y Harold Garfinkel, Intersticios: Revista sociológica de pensamiento crítico, Vol. 2, n°2, pp241-250
    • Daniela Griselda López, El problema de la subjetividad en la explicación sociológica: una mirada a partir del debate Schutz-Parsons, Revista de estudios sociales, n°31, pp72-83
    • Hisashi Nasu, A Continuing Dialogue with Alfred Schutz, Human Studies, Volume 31, n°2, juin, pp87-105

Liens externes


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